Pengontrol Irigasi Pintar Berbasis Arduino – Pengairan Otomatis dengan Sensor Cuaca dan Cahaya

Komponen dan Perlengkapan

Berikut adalah komponen yang diperlukan untuk proyek ini:

	Arduino Nano R3	×	1
	IO Expander	×	1
	IO Expander Bundle	×	1

Aplikasi dan Layanan Online

Arduino IDE

Tentang Proyek Ini

Buat Pengontrol Irigasi Pintar dengan Arduino

Irigasi halaman rumah Anda secara cerdas dengan siklus pengiriman air yang dinamis. Hentikan pengairan jika sedang hujan atau telah hujan sejak pengairan terakhir. Gunakan sensor cahaya untuk mendeteksi waktu terbit matahari dan secara otomatis sesuaikan waktu mulai pengairan. Hentikan pengairan jika terlalu dingin di luar.

Daftar Fitur

• Sensor suhu luar ruangan
• Sensor hujan luar ruangan
• Sensor cahaya luar ruangan
• Jam real-time dengan cadangan baterai untuk jadwal mingguan
• Penyimpanan non-volatile - tidak pernah kehilangan jadwal pengairan akibat pemadaman listrik
• Deteksi terbit matahari
• Pengairan pintar menghemat tagihan air Anda
• Sirami sebelum terbit matahari untuk waktu rendaman yang tepat
• Hentikan pengairan ketika terlalu dingin di luar
• Mengurangi pertumbuhan jamur
• Kontrol jadwal yang mudah

Komponen yang Diperlukan untuk Membangun Pengontrol Irigasi Pintar

• IO Expander
• x2 1-Wire ke I2C
• 1-Wire Junction
• Optical Connector
• Splitter
• Arduino Nano
• Relay DC 5V 4 Channel
• Sensor Cahaya TSL2561
• Sensor Suhu Waterproof DS18B20
• Sensor Tinggi Air Infrared Optik
• Jam Real-Time Presisi DS3231 AT24C32 IIC
• Layar OLED I2C SSD1306 128x64
• Kotak Plastik Waterproof Jernih 200x120x75mm
• Kotak Plastik Waterproof Jernih 100x68x50mm
• Kabel Gland Nylon Waterproof IP68 PG7
• Kabel Gland Nylon Waterproof IP68 PG11
• Jack Terminal Obeng RJ11 Keystone
• Kabel RJ11 4C4P 50 kaki
• Kabel RJ11 4C4P 6 kaki
• Kabel Header 2.54mm
• x2 Tombol Push Micro Switch SPST 2 Pin
• Adaptor Dinding 12VDC 1A

Diagram Kabeling

Tampilan OLED

Tekan tombol Menu untuk menampilkan menu dan terus menekan tombol untuk melalui semua opsi menu. Menu akan otomatis hilang setelah 30 saat tidak ada aktivitas. Tekan tombol Select untuk melakukan fungsi menu yang diinginkan.

Mengapa Menggunakan IO Expander?

• Lebih mudah dirancang
• Komponen siap pakai
• Tidak perlu menulis driver 1-Wire
• Tidak perlu menulis driver DS3231 RTC
• Tidak perlu menulis driver EEPROM
• Tidak perlu menulis driver layar OLED
• Tidak perlu font display yang mengambil ruang kode Arduino
• Tidak perlu menulis driver sensor suhu
• Tidak perlu menulis driver sensor hujan optik
• Hemat ruang kode Arduino; hanya 12710 byte (39%)
• Hanya butuh tiga hari untuk menulis kode
• Mudah dirakit dengan kabel telepon RJ11 standar
• Tidak ada masalah panjang kabel sensor
• Lebih murah dibangun dibanding sistem komersial serupa
• Mudah untuk melakukan perubahan guna menyesuaikan kebutuhan individual
• Satu sumber daya listrik

Bangun Sistem

Hubungkan Arduino Nano ke IO Expander dan program dengan kode berikut. Header 6 pin adalah port debug serial perangkat lunak dan tidak diperlukan dalam instalasi akhir.

Pastikan Anda mengubah alamat yang ditentukan ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1 dan ONEWIRE-TO_I2C_ROM2 agar cocok dengan alamat 1-Wire ke I2C Anda.

/* IO Expander sketch optimized
*
* Irrigation System v1.1
*
*/

#include <math.h>
#include <time.h> // File located \Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr\avr\include\time.h
#include <util/crc16.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include "IOExpander.h"

#define FAHRENHEIT
#define INIT_BOARD "g5w1;g11w1;g11d0,75;g12w1;g12d0,75;rsf"
#define ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1 "i4scc"
#define ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM2 "i6s8f"
#define ONEWIRE_TEMPERATURE "t6s0300"
#define RTC_SENSOR "s4te"
#define I2C_EEPROM "s4tf"
#define I2C_OLED "s4t10"
#define I2C_LIGHT "s3t9;sc0"
#define OPTICAL_SENSOR "g5a"
#define BUTTON1 "g11d"
#define BUTTON2 "g12d"

#define WATER_TIME_BEFORE_SUNRISE 60
#define SUNRISE_LUX 100
#define RAIN_DETECT_LEVEL 4.0
#define DO_NOT_WATER_TEMP 4.4444 // 40F

#define MAX_ZONES 4

#define HOUR_IN_DAY 24L
#define MIN_IN_HOUR 60L
#define SEC_IN_MIN 60L
#define SEC_IN_HOUR (MIN_IN_HOUR * SEC_IN_MIN)
#define SEC_IN_DAY (HOUR_IN_DAY * SEC_IN_HOUR)
#define DAYS_IN_WEEK 7
#define SEC_IN_WEEK (SEC_IN_DAY * DAYS_IN_WEEK)

#define SUN 0x01
#define MON 0x02
#define TUE 0x04
#define WED 0x08
#define THR 0x10
#define FRI 0x20
#define SAT 0x40
#define EVERYDAY (SUN | MON | TUE | WED | THR | FRI | SAT)

#define SUNRISE 0x80

#define MENU_OPTIONS 9
#define MENU_TIME 30

#define OFF 0
#define ON 1

#define STATE_ON_OFF 0x01

//#define SERIAL_DEBUG

#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG
SoftwareSerial swSerial(8,7);
#endif

char weekday[][4] = {"SUN","MON","TUE","WED","THU","FRI","SAT"};

char menu[][13] = {"Next",
 "Water",
 "Reset",
 "Clock Min +",
 "Clock Min -",
 "Clock Hour +",
 "Clock Hour -",
 "Sunrise",
 "ON/OFF"};

enum {
 MENU_NEXT,
 MENU_WATER,
 MENU_RESET,
 MENU_CLOCK_MIN_PLUS,
 MENU_CLOCK_MIN_MINUS,
 MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_PLUS,
 MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_MINUS,
 MENU_SUNRISE,
 MENU_ON_OFF
};

typedef struct {
 char description[16];
 uint8_t relay;
} ZONE;

typedef struct {
 uint8_t zone;
 uint8_t days;
 int8_t hour;
 int8_t min;
 uint8_t duration;
} SCHEDULE;

typedef struct {
 time_t sunrise_time;
 time_t last_water_time;
 uint8_t water_schedule;
 uint8_t water_duration;
 uint8_t rain[MAX_ZONES];
 uint8_t state;
 uint8_t crc;
} NVRAM;

enum {
 ZONE1,
 ZONE2,
 ZONE3,
 ZONE4
};

enum {
 RELAY1 = 1,
 RELAY2,
 RELAY3,
 RELAY4
};

ZONE zone[] = {
 {"Front Right", RELAY1},
 {"Front Left", RELAY2},
 {"Bushes", RELAY3},
 {"Left Side", RELAY4},
};

SCHEDULE schedule[] = {
 {ZONE1, SUNRISE | EVERYDAY, -1, 0, 4},
 {ZONE2, EVERYDAY, 6, 15, 5},
 {ZONE3, EVERYDAY, 6, 0, 10},
 {ZONE4, EVERYDAY, 6, 10, 6},
};

NVRAM nvram;
bool update_nvram = false;

uint8_t crc8(uint8_t* data, uint16_t length)
{
 uint8_t crc = 0;

 while (length--) {
 crc = _crc8_ccitt_update(crc, *data++);
 }
 return crc;
}

int led = 13;
bool init_oled = true;
bool update_oled = true;
bool init_board = true;

#ifdef FAHRENHEIT
#define C2F(temp) CelsiusToFahrenheit(temp)
float CelsiusToFahrenheit(float celsius)
{
 return ((celsius * 9) / 5) + 32;
}
#else
#define C2F(temp) (temp)
#endif

void SerialPrint(const char* str, float decimal, char error)
{
 Serial.print(str);
 if (error) Serial.print(F("NA"));
 else Serial.print(decimal, 1);
}

time_t NextScheduleTime(time_t last_time, uint8_t* next_schedule)
{
 time_t next_time = -1;
 time_t clk_time;
 uint8_t i;
 tm clk;
 uint8_t wday;

 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(schedule) / sizeof(SCHEDULE); i++) {
 if (schedule[i].days & SUNRISE) {
 clk_time = nvram.sunrise_time;
 clk_time += schedule[i].hour * SEC_IN_HOUR;
 clk_time += schedule[i].min * SEC_IN_MIN;
 localtime_r(&clk_time, &clk);
 }
 else {
 localtime_r(&last_time, &clk);
 clk.tm_hour = schedule[i].hour;
 clk.tm_min = schedule[i].min;
 clk.tm_sec = 0;
 clk_time = mktime(&clk);
 }
 wday = clk.tm_wday;
 while (clk_time <= last_time || !(schedule[i].days & (1 << wday)))
 {
 clk_time += SEC_IN_DAY;
 if (++wday > SATURDAY) wday = SUNDAY;
 if (wday == clk.tm_wday) break; // Only check one week
 }
 if (clk_time < next_time) {
 next_time = clk_time;
 *next_schedule = i;
 }
 }
 return next_time;
}

void StartScheduleTime(time_t start_time, uint8_t start_schedule)
{
 uint8_t i;

 nvram.last_water_time = start_time;
 nvram.water_schedule = start_schedule;
 nvram.water_duration = schedule[start_schedule].duration+1;
 update_nvram = true;
 // Check if it rained
 i = schedule[start_schedule].zone;
 if (i < MAX_ZONES && nvram.rain[i] > 0) {
 if (nvram.rain[i] > nvram.water_duration) nvram.water_duration = 0;
 else nvram.water_duration -= nvram.rain[i];
 nvram.rain[i] = 0;
 }
}

void WaterScheduleTime(void)
{
 uint8_t i;

 nvram.water_duration--;
 update_nvram = true;
 i = schedule[nvram.water_schedule].zone;
 if (i < MAX_ZONES) {
 Serial.print("r");
 Serial.print(zone[i].relay);
 if (nvram.water_duration > 0) Serial.println("o");
 else Serial.println("f");
 SerialReadUntilDone();
 }
}

void setup() {
 Serial.begin(115200);
#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG
 swSerial.begin(115200);
#endif
 pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
 //delay(1000);
 wdt_enable(WDTO_8S);
}

void loop() {
 static tm rtc;
 tm clk, sunrise_clk;
 time_t rtc_time;
 time_t clk_time;
 static time_t next_time;
 static uint8_t last_sec;
 static uint8_t last_min;
 bool error_rtc;
 bool error_light;
 bool error_temp;
 static long lux = 0;
 static float temp, rain;
 static uint8_t sunrise_counter = MIN_IN_HOUR;
 static bool check_sunrise = false;
 uint8_t i;
 static bool read_nvram = true;
 static time_t water_time;
 static uint8_t water_schedule;
 uint8_t sz;
 uint8_t wday;
 long n;
 bool button1, button2;
 static int8_t menu_select = -1;
 static time_t menu_time = 0;

 Serial.println();
 if (SerialReadUntilDone()) {
 if (init_board) {
 SerialCmdDone(INIT_BOARD);
 init_board = false;
 }

 if (init_oled) {
 if (SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1)) {
 SerialCmdDone(I2C_OLED ";si;sc;sd");
 init_oled = false;
 }
 }

 if (SerialCmdDone(RTC_SENSOR)) {
 error_rtc = !SerialReadTime(&rtc);
 if (!error_rtc) {
 clk = rtc; // mktime() can change struct tm
 rtc_time = mktime(&clk);
 localtime_r(&rtc_time, &rtc); // Get wday.
 }

 if (read_nvram) {
 if (SerialCmdNoError(I2C_EEPROM)) {
 SerialReadEEPROM((uint8_t*)&nvram, 0, sizeof(nvram));
 if (nvram.crc != crc8((uint8_t*)&nvram, sizeof(nvram)-sizeof(uint8_t))) {
 //swSerial.println("CRC8 Failure!");
 // Initialize nvram
 memset(&nvram, 0, sizeof(nvram));
 clk = rtc;
 clk.tm_hour = 6;
 clk.tm_min = 0;
 clk.tm_sec = 0;
 nvram.sunrise_time = mktime(&clk);
 if (nvram.sunrise_time < rtc_time) nvram.sunrise_time + SEC_IN_DAY;
 update_nvram = true;
 }
 // Check last water time no less than one week
 if (rtc_time - nvram.last_water_time > SEC_IN_WEEK) nvram.last_water_time = rtc_time - SEC_IN_WEEK;
 // Check sunrise time
 if (rtc_time > nvram.sunrise_time) {
 localtime_r(&nvram.sunrise_time, &sunrise_clk);
 clk = rtc;
 clk.tm_hour = sunrise_clk.tm_hour;
 clk.tm_min = sunrise_clk.tm_min;
 clk.tm_sec = sunrise_clk.tm_sec;
 nvram.sunrise_time = mktime(&clk);
 if (nvram.sunrise_time < rtc_time) nvram.sunrise_time + SEC_IN_DAY;
 }
 if (nvram.water_duration) {
 nvram.water_duration++;
 water_time = nvram.last_water_time;
 }
 else {
 clk_time = (nvram.last_water_time) ? nvram.last_water_time : rtc_time;
 water_time = NextScheduleTime(clk_time, &water_schedule);
 }
 read_nvram = false;
 }
 }
 }

 // Process only once every minute
 if (rtc.tm_min != last_min)
 {
 // Request a 1-Wire temperature measurement. Read it later.
 error_temp = !SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TEMPERATURE);
 if (!error_temp) SerialCmdDone("tt");

 error_light = !SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM2 ";oo0");
 if (!error_light) {
 SerialCmdDone(I2C_LIGHT); // Do not use overdrive
 SerialCmd("sr");
 SerialReadInt(&lux);
 SerialReadUntilDone();
 }

 if (SerialCmd(OPTICAL_SENSOR)) {
 SerialReadFloat(&rain);
 SerialReadUntilDone();
 }

 error_temp = !SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TEMPERATURE);
 if (!error_temp) {
 SerialCmd("tr");
 SerialReadFloat(&temp);
 SerialReadUntilDone();
 }

 // Is it sunrise?
 if (lux < SUNRISE_LUX) {
 if (sunrise_counter > 0) sunrise_counter--;
 else check_sunrise = true;
 }
 else {
 if (sunrise_counter < MIN_IN_HOUR) {
 sunrise_counter++;
 if (check_sunrise && sunrise_counter == MIN_IN_HOUR) {
 nvram.sunrise_time = rtc_time + (SEC_IN_DAY - SEC_IN_HOUR);
 check_sunrise = false;
 update_nvram = true;
 }
 }
 }

 // Is it raining?
 if (rain <= RAIN_DETECT_LEVEL) {
 for (i = 0; i < MAX_ZONES; i++) {
 if (nvram.rain[i] < -1) nvram.rain[i]++;
 }
 update_nvram = true;
 }

 // Check schedule
 if (menu_select == -1 && !nvram.water_duration) {
 while (water_time + (schedule[water_schedule].duration * SEC_IN_MIN) < rtc_time) {
 water_time = NextScheduleTime(water_time, &water_schedule);
 }
 if (water_time <= rtc_time) {
 StartScheduleTime(water_time, water_schedule);
 if (temp <= DO_NOT_WATER_TEMP || nvram.state & STATE_ON_OFF == OFF)
 nvram.water_duration = 0;
 }
 }

 // Do we need to water?
 if (nvram.water_duration) {
 WaterScheduleTime();
 if (!nvram.water_duration)
 water_time = NextScheduleTime(water_time, &water_schedule);
 }

 last_min = rtc.tm_min;
 update_oled = true;
 }

 // Check buttons
 button1 = SerialReadButton(BUTTON1);
 if (button1) {
 if (menu_select == -1) menu_select = 0;
 else {
 if (++menu_select >= MENU_OPTIONS)
 menu_select = 0;
 }
 menu_time = rtc_time;
 update_oled = true;
 }
 if (menu_select >= 0) {
 button2 = SerialReadButton(BUTTON2);
 if (button2) {
 clk_time = rtc_time;
 switch(menu_select) {
 case MENU_NEXT:
 case MENU_RESET:
 if (nvram.water_duration) {
 nvram.water_duration = 1;
 WaterScheduleTime();
 }
 water_time = NextScheduleTime((menu_select == MENU_NEXT) ? water_time : rtc_time, &water_schedule);
 break;
 case MENU_WATER:
 StartScheduleTime(water_time, water_schedule);
 WaterScheduleTime();
 break;
 case MENU_CLOCK_MIN_PLUS:
 clk_time += SEC_IN_MIN;
 break;
 case MENU_CLOCK_MIN_MINUS:
 clk_time -= SEC_IN_MIN;
 break;
 case MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_PLUS:
 clk_time += SEC_IN_HOUR;
 break;
 case MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_MINUS:
 clk_time -= SEC_IN_HOUR;
 break;
 case MENU_ON_OFF:
 nvram.state ^= STATE_ON_OFF;
 update_nvram = true;
 break;
 }
 if (clk_time != rtc_time) {
 if (SerialCmdDone(RTC_SENSOR)) {
 localtime_r(&clk_time, &clk);
 SerialWriteTime(&clk);
 rtc_time = clk_time;
 }
 }
 menu_time = rtc_time;
 update_oled = true;
 }
 }
 if (menu_select >= 0 && rtc_time - menu_time > MENU_TIME) {
 menu_select = -1;
 update_oled = true;
 }

 if (update_oled) {
 if (SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1)) {
 Serial.print("st10;so1;sc;sf0;sa0;sd0,0,\"\"");
 if (nvram.water_duration) Serial.print(nvram.water_duration);
 else {
 if ((nvram.state & STATE_ON_OFF) == OFF) Serial.print("OFF");
 else if (rain <= RAIN_DETECT_LEVEL) Serial.print("Rain");
 else if (temp <= DO_NOT_WATER_TEMP) Serial.print("Cold");
 else Serial.print("v1.1");
 }
 Serial.print("\"");sf2;sa1;sd75,0,\"\"");
 if (menu_select == 7) { // Sunrise
 clk_time = nvram.sunrise_time;
 localtime_r(&clk_time, &clk);
 }
 else clk = rtc;
 Serial.print(clk.tm_hour-((clk.tm_hour>12)?12:0));
 Serial.print(":");
 if (clk.tm_min < 10) Serial.print("0");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_min);
 Serial.println("\"");
 SerialReadUntilDone();

 Serial.print("sf1;sa0;sd79,8,\"\"");
 Serial.print((clk.tm_hour>12)?"PM":"AM");
 Serial.print("\"");sf0;sa1;sd127,1,\"\"");
 Serial.print(weekday[clk.tm_wday]);
 Serial.print("\"");sd127,13,\"\"");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_mon+1);
 Serial.print("/");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_mday);
 Serial.println("\"");
 SerialReadUntilDone();

 Serial.print("sf0;sa0;sd1,36,\"\"");
 i = schedule[water_schedule].zone;
 if (i < MAX_ZONES) Serial.print(zone[i].description);
 localtime_r(&water_time, &clk);
 if (water_time - rtc_time > SEC_IN_DAY) {
 Serial.print("\"");sa1;sd126,36,\"\"");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_mon+1);
 Serial.print("/");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_mday);
 Serial.print(" ");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_hour-((clk.tm_hour>12)?12:0));
 Serial.print(":");
 if (clk.tm_min < 10) Serial.print("0");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_min);
 Serial.print(" ");
 }
 else {
 Serial.print("\"");sf1;sa1;sd111,30,\"\"");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_hour-((clk.tm_hour>12)?12:0));
 Serial.print(":");
 if (clk.tm_min < 10) Serial.print("0");
 Serial.print(clk.tm_min);
 Serial.print("\"");sf0;sd126,36,\"\"");
 }
 Serial.print((clk.tm_hour>12)?"PM":"AM");
 if (nvram.water_duration) Serial.print("\"");so2;sc0,29,128,19");
 Serial.println();
 SerialReadUntilDone();

 if (menu_select == -1) {
 //Serial.print("\"");sa0;sd0,52,\"\"");
 //Serial.print(rain);
 SerialPrint("\"");so1;sa2;sd63,52,\"\"");, C2F(temp), error_temp);
 if (!error_temp) Serial.print("\"",248,"\""
#ifdef FAHRENHEIT
 "F"
#else
 "C"
#endif
 );
 Serial.print(" / ");
 Serial.print(lux);
 }
 else {
 Serial.print("\"");so0;sc0,51,128,14;sf0;sa2;sd63,52,\"\"");
 if (menu_select == MENU_ON_OFF) {
 Serial.print((nvram.state & STATE_ON_OFF) ? "OFF" : "ON");
 }
 else Serial.print(menu[menu_select]);
 }
 Serial.println("\"");sd");
 SerialReadUntilDone();
 update_oled = false;
 }
 else init_oled = true;
 }

 if (update_nvram) {
 if (SerialCmdNoError(I2C_EEPROM)) {
 nvram.crc = crc8((uint8_t*)&nvram, sizeof(nvram)-sizeof(uint8_t));
 //swSerial.println(nvram.crc, HEX);
 SerialWriteEEPROM((uint8_t*)&nvram, 0, sizeof(nvram));
 update_nvram = false;
 }
 }

 delay(50);
 }
 else {
 digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
 delay(500);
 digitalWrite(led, LOW);
 delay(500);
 init_board = true;
 init_oled = true;
 }
 wdt_reset();
}

Catatan: Jika Anda menggunakan port USB untuk memprogram Arduino Nano, Anda harus memutuskannya dari IO Expander karena keduanya menggunakan port serial yang sama. Sebaliknya, jika ingin melakukan debug, gunakan port ICSP untuk memprogram ATmega328P. Untuk mengaktifkan port debug perangkat lunak, hilangkan komentar pada definisi SERIAL_DEBUG.

Splitter harus dikonfigurasi terlebih dahulu untuk mengisolasi baris data sensor inframerah optik dari baris sensor remote 1-Wire. Pasang resistor nol ohm 0603 di R2.

Buat lubang 7/16 inci di kotak kecil dan lubang 11/16 inci di kotak besar di sisi kanan untuk PG7 dan PG11. Gunakan alat Dremel untuk memperbesar lubang sedikit hingga gland pas erat. PG7 akan mengakomodasi sensor remote dan PG11 untuk kabel 12VDC, 24VAC, Manifold, dan kabel sensor remote RJ11.

Rangkaikan tombol push micro switch SPST momentary dan hubungkan ke terminal obeng RJ11. Gunakan tubing heat shrink untuk mengisolasi kontak.

Hubungkan semua kabel dan rangkai seluruh bagian ke dalam kotak besar. Kabel RJ11 50 kaki Anda untuk sensor remote seharusnya cukup melewati gland PG11 tanpa harus memotongnya.

Buat lubang 9/16 inci di sisi atas kotak kecil untuk sensor air inframerah optik. Gunakan alat Dremel untuk memperbesar lubang sedikit hingga sensor pas. Kotak sensor remote kecil sangat sempit, tetapi jika isinya diletakkan dalam orientasi yang direkomendasikan, seharusnya cukup muat. Membuat kabel RJ11 sempendek mungkin akan membantu memasukkan semuanya ke dalam kotak yang lebih kecil. Setelah dirangkaikan, disarankan untuk menambahkan sedikit lem laut ke pelapis nut gland sebelum memasang nut, untuk menciptakan seal yang lebih baik.

Pasang kotak sensor remote di luar dan pasang di sisi timur rumah Anda dengan ketinggian, dengan sensor air inframerah optik dan sensor cahaya menghadap ke langit tanpa penghalang.

Buat lubang 1/4 inci di tengah atas bawah kotak besar dan pasang tombol. Gunakan alat Dremel untuk memperbesar lubang sedikit hingga tombol pas.

Uji sistem dan pastikan semuanya beroperasi dengan benar. Untuk menguji relay dan sensor, putuskan Arduino dari IO Expander dan hubungkan langsung ke komputer Anda untuk mengontrolnya secara manual. Setelah Anda memverifikasi semuanya beroperasi, rangkai semua bagian ke dalam kotak menggunakan double-sided tape dan foam pengemasan untuk mengamankan papan Anda, dan nikmati manfaat serta penghematan dari Pengontrol Irigasi Pintar Anda.

Video Operasi

Update 9/12/2019

Dirilis v1.1 yang memperbaiki masalah startup jika sistem kehilangan daya selama beberapa hari.

Update 10/2/2019

Saat menghubungkan 1-Wire ke I2C ke DS3231 dan kemudian ke layar OLED SSD1306, Anda akan memiliki total tiga pullup yang berbeda pada garis SDA dan SCL seperti yang ditunjukkan di lingkaran pada gambar di bawah ini. Ini akan secara efektif menghasilkan pullup 4.7k / 3 = 1.56k yang terlalu kuat dan dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan layar secara acak.

Karena DS3231 menggunakan resistor pack yang digunakan oleh garis lain, hapus resistor pullup lain:

• 1-Wire ke I2C R3 dan R4.
• SSD1306 OLED R6 dan R7.

Kode

• Pengontrol Irigasi Pintar

Pengontrol Irigasi PintarC/C++

Gunakan Arduino Anda untuk menyirami halaman atau taman Anda secara cerdas.

/* IO Expander sketch optimized * * Irrigation System v1.1 * */ #include <math.h> #include <time.h> // File located \Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\avr\avr\include\time.h #include <util/crc16.h> #include <avr/wdt.h> #include <SoftwareSerial.h> #include "IOExpander.h" #define FAHRENHEIT #define INIT_BOARD "g5w1;g11w1;g11d0,75;g12w1;g12d0,75;rsf" #define ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1 "i4scc" #define ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM2 "i6s8f" #define ONEWIRE_TEMPERATURE "t6s0300" #define RTC_SENSOR "s4te" #define I2C_EEPROM "s4tf" #define I2C_OLED "s4t10" #define I2C_LIGHT "s3t9;sc0" #define OPTICAL_SENSOR "g5a" #define BUTTON1 "g11d" #define BUTTON2 "g12d" #define WATER_TIME_BEFORE_SUNRISE 60 #define SUNRISE_LUX 100 #define RAIN_DETECT_LEVEL 4.0 #define DO_NOT_WATER_TEMP 4.4444 // 40F #define MAX_ZONES 4 #define HOUR_IN_DAY 24L #define MIN_IN_HOUR 60L #define SEC_IN_MIN 60L #define SEC_IN_HOUR (MIN_IN_HOUR * SEC_IN_MIN) #define SEC_IN_DAY (HOUR_IN_DAY * SEC_IN_HOUR) #define DAYS_IN_WEEK 7 #define SEC_IN_WEEK (SEC_IN_DAY * DAYS_IN_WEEK) #define SUN 0x01 #define MON 0x02 #define TUE 0x04 #define WED 0x08 #define THR 0x10 #define FRI 0x20 #define SAT 0x40 #define EVERYDAY (SUN | MON | TUE | WED | THR | FRI | SAT) #define SUNRISE 0x80 #define MENU_OPTIONS 9 #define MENU_TIME 30 #define OFF 0 #define ON 1 #define STATE_ON_OFF 0x01 //#define SERIAL_DEBUG #ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG SoftwareSerial swSerial(8,7); #endif char weekday[][4] = {"SUN","MON","TUE","WED","THU","FRI","SAT"}; char menu[][13] = {"Next", "Water", "Reset", "Clock Min +", "Clock Min -", "Clock Hour +", "Clock Hour -", "Sunrise", "ON/OFF"}; enum { MENU_NEXT, MENU_WATER, MENU_RESET, MENU_CLOCK_MIN_PLUS, MENU_CLOCK_MIN_MINUS, MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_PLUS, MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_MINUS, MENU_SUNRISE, MENU_ON_OFF }; typedef struct { char description[16]; uint8_t relay; } ZONE; typedef struct { uint8_t zone; uint8_t days; int8_t hour; int8_t min; uint8_t duration; } SCHEDULE; typedef struct { time_t sunrise_time; time_t last_water_time; uint8_t water_schedule; uint8_t water_duration; uint8_t rain[MAX_ZONES]; uint8_t state; uint8_t crc; } NVRAM; enum { ZONE1, ZONE2, ZONE3, ZONE4 }; enum { RELAY1 = 1, RELAY2, RELAY3, RELAY4 }; ZONE zone[] = { {"Front Right", RELAY1}, {"Front Left", RELAY2}, {"Bushes", RELAY3}, {"Left Side", RELAY4}, }; SCHEDULE schedule[] = { {ZONE1, SUNRISE | EVERYDAY, -1, 0, 4}, {ZONE2, EVERYDAY, 6, 15, 5}, {ZONE3, EVERYDAY, 6, 0, 10}, {ZONE4, EVERYDAY, 6, 10, 6}, }; NVRAM nvram; bool update_nvram = false; uint8_t crc8(uint8_t* data, uint16_t length) { uint8_t crc = 0; while (length--) { crc = _crc8_ccitt_update(crc, *data++); } return crc; } int led = 13; bool init_oled = true; bool update_oled = true; bool init_board = true; #ifdef FAHRENHEIT #define C2F(temp) CelsiusToFahrenheit(temp) float CelsiusToFahrenheit(float celsius) { return ((celsius * 9) / 5) + 32; } #else #define C2F(temp) (temp) #endif void SerialPrint(const char* str, float decimal, char error) { Serial.print(str); if (error) Serial.print(F("NA")); else Serial.print(decimal, 1); } time_t NextScheduleTime(time_t last_time, uint8_t* next_schedule) { time_t next_time = -1; time_t clk_time; uint8_t i; tm clk; uint8_t wday; for (i = 0; i < sizeof(schedule) / sizeof(SCHEDULE); i++) { if (schedule[i].days & SUNRISE) { clk_time = nvram.sunrise_time; clk_time += schedule[i].hour * SEC_IN_HOUR; clk_time += schedule[i].min * SEC_IN_MIN; localtime_r(&clk_time, &clk); } else { localtime_r(&last_time, &clk); clk.tm_hour = schedule[i].hour; clk.tm_min = schedule[i].min; clk.tm_sec = 0; clk_time = mktime(&clk); } wday = clk.tm_wday; while (clk_time <= last_time || !(schedule[i].days & (1 << wday))) { clk_time += SEC_IN_DAY; if (++wday > SATURDAY) wday = SUNDAY; if (wday == clk.tm_wday) break; // Only check one week } if (clk_time < next_time) { next_time = clk_time; *next_schedule = i; } } return next_time; } void StartScheduleTime(time_t start_time, uint8_t start_schedule) { uint8_t i; nvram.last_water_time = start_time; nvram.water_schedule = start_schedule; nvram.water_duration = schedule[start_schedule].duration+1; update_nvram = true; // Check if it rained i = schedule[start_schedule].zone; if (i < MAX_ZONES && nvram.rain[i] > 0) { if (nvram.rain[i] > nvram.water_duration) nvram.water_duration = 0; else nvram.water_duration -= nvram.rain[i]; nvram.rain[i] = 0; } } void WaterScheduleTime(void) { uint8_t i; nvram.water_duration--; update_nvram = true; i = schedule[nvram.water_schedule].zone; if (i < MAX_ZONES) { Serial.print("r"); Serial.print(zone[i].relay); if (nvram.water_duration > 0) Serial.println("o"); else Serial.println("f"); SerialReadUntilDone(); } } void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); #ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG swSerial.begin(115200); #endif pinMode(led, OUTPUT); //delay(1000); wdt_enable(WDTO_8S); } void loop() { static tm rtc; tm clk, sunrise_clk; time_t rtc_time; time_t clk_time; static time_t next_time; static uint8_t last_sec; static uint8_t last_min; bool error_rtc; bool error_light; bool error_temp; static long lux = 0; static float temp, rain; static uint8_t sunrise_counter = MIN_IN_HOUR; static bool check_sunrise = false; uint8_t i; static bool read_nvram = true; static time_t water_time; static uint8_t water_schedule; uint8_t sz; uint8_t wday; long n; bool button1, button2; static int8_t menu_select = -1; static time_t menu_time = 0; Serial.println(); if (SerialReadUntilDone()) { if (init_board) { SerialCmdDone(INIT_BOARD); init_board = false; } if (init_oled) { if (SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1)) { SerialCmdDone(I2C_OLED ";si;sc;sd"); init_oled = false; } } if (SerialCmdDone(RTC_SENSOR)) { error_rtc = !SerialReadTime(&rtc); if (!error_rtc) { clk = rtc; // mktime() can change struct tm rtc_time = mktime(&clk); localtime_r(&rtc_time, &rtc); // Get wday. } if (read_nvram) { if (SerialCmdNoError(I2C_EEPROM)) { SerialReadEEPROM((uint8_t*)&nvram, 0, sizeof(nvram)); if (nvram.crc != crc8((uint8_t*)&nvram, sizeof(nvram)-sizeof(uint8_t))) { //swSerial.println("CRC8 Failure!"); // Initialize nvram memset(&nvram, 0, sizeof(nvram)); clk = rtc; clk.tm_hour = 6; clk.tm_min = 0; clk.tm_sec = 0; nvram.sunrise_time = mktime(&clk); if (nvram.sunrise_time < rtc_time) nvram.sunrise_time + SEC_IN_DAY; update_nvram = true; } // Check last water time no less than one week if (rtc_time - nvram.last_water_time > SEC_IN_WEEK) nvram.last_water_time = rtc_time - SEC_IN_WEEK; // Check sunrise time if (rtc_time > nvram.sunrise_time) { localtime_r(&nvram.sunrise_time, &sunrise_clk); clk = rtc; clk.tm_hour = sunrise_clk.tm_hour; clk.tm_min = sunrise_clk.tm_min; clk.tm_sec = sunrise_clk.tm_sec; nvram.sunrise_time = mktime(&clk); if (nvram.sunrise_time < rtc_time) nvram.sunrise_time + SEC_IN_DAY; } if (nvram.water_duration) { nvram.water_duration++; water_time = nvram.last_water_time; } else { clk_time = (nvram.last_water_time) ? nvram.last_water_time : rtc_time; water_time = NextScheduleTime(clk_time, &water_schedule); } read_nvram = false; } } } // Process only once every minute if (rtc.tm_min != last_min) { // Request a 1-Wire temperature measurement. Read it later. error_temp = !SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TEMPERATURE); if (!error_temp) SerialCmdDone("tt"); error_light = !SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM2 ";oo0"); if (!error_light) { SerialCmdDone(I2C_LIGHT); // Do not use overdrive SerialCmd("sr"); SerialReadInt(&lux); SerialReadUntilDone(); } if (SerialCmd(OPTICAL_SENSOR)) { SerialReadFloat(&rain); SerialReadUntilDone(); } error_temp = !SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TEMPERATURE); if (!error_temp) { SerialCmd("tr"); SerialReadFloat(&temp); SerialReadUntilDone(); } // Is it sunrise? if (lux < SUNRISE_LUX) { if (sunrise_counter > 0) sunrise_counter--; else check_sunrise = true; } else { if (sunrise_counter < MIN_IN_HOUR) { sunrise_counter++; if (check_sunrise && sunrise_counter == MIN_IN_HOUR) { nvram.sunrise_time = rtc_time + (SEC_IN_DAY - SEC_IN_HOUR); check_sunrise = false; update_nvram = true; } } } // Is it raining? if (rain <= RAIN_DETECT_LEVEL) { for (i = 0; i < MAX_ZONES; i++) { if (nvram.rain[i] < -1) nvram.rain[i]++; } update_nvram = true; } // Check schedule if (menu_select == -1 && !nvram.water_duration) { while (water_time + (schedule[water_schedule].duration * SEC_IN_MIN) < rtc_time) { water_time = NextScheduleTime(water_time, &water_schedule); } if (water_time <= rtc_time) { StartScheduleTime(water_time, water_schedule); if (temp <= DO_NOT_WATER_TEMP || nvram.state & STATE_ON_OFF == OFF) nvram.water_duration = 0; } } // Do we need to water? if (nvram.water_duration) { WaterScheduleTime(); if (!nvram.water_duration) water_time = NextScheduleTime(water_time, &water_schedule); } last_min = rtc.tm_min; update_oled = true; } // Check buttons button1 = SerialReadButton(BUTTON1); if (button1) { if (menu_select == -1) menu_select = 0; else { if (++menu_select >= MENU_OPTIONS) menu_select = 0; } menu_time = rtc_time; update_oled = true; } if (menu_select >= 0) { button2 = SerialReadButton(BUTTON2); if (button2) { clk_time = rtc_time; switch(menu_select) { case MENU_NEXT: case MENU_RESET: if (nvram.water_duration) { nvram.water_duration = 1; WaterScheduleTime(); } water_time = NextScheduleTime((menu_select == MENU_NEXT) ? water_time : rtc_time, &water_schedule); break; case MENU_WATER: StartScheduleTime(water_time, water_schedule); WaterScheduleTime(); break; case MENU_CLOCK_MIN_PLUS: clk_time += SEC_IN_MIN; break; case MENU_CLOCK_MIN_MINUS: clk_time -= SEC_IN_MIN; break; case MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_PLUS: clk_time += SEC_IN_HOUR; break; case MENU_CLOCK_HOUR_MINUS: clk_time -= SEC_IN_HOUR; break; case MENU_ON_OFF: nvram.state ^= STATE_ON_OFF; update_nvram = true; break; } if (clk_time != rtc_time) { if (SerialCmdDone(RTC_SENSOR)) { localtime_r(&clk_time, &clk); SerialWriteTime(&clk); rtc_time = clk_time; } } menu_time = rtc_time; update_oled = true; } } if (menu_select >= 0 && rtc_time - menu_time > MENU_TIME) { menu_select = -1; update_oled = true; } if (update_oled) { if (SerialCmdNoError(ONEWIRE_TO_I2C_ROM1)) { Serial.print("st10;so1;sc;sf0;sa0;sd0,0,\""); if (nvram.water_duration) Serial.print(nvram.water_duration); else { if ((nvram.state & STATE_ON_OFF) == OFF) Serial.print("OFF"); else if (rain <= RAIN_DETECT_LEVEL) Serial.print("Rain"); else if (temp <= DO_NOT_WATER_TEMP) Serial.print("Cold"); else Serial.print("v1.1"); } Serial.print("\";sf2;sa1;sd75,0,\""); if (menu_select == 7) { // Sunrise clk_time = nvram.sunrise_time; localtime_r(&clk_time, &clk); } else clk = rtc; Serial.print(clk.tm_hour-((clk.tm_hour>12)?12:0)); Serial.print(":"); if (clk.tm_min < 10) Serial.print("0"); Serial.print(clk.tm_min); Serial.println("\""); SerialReadUntilDone(); Serial.print("sf1;sa0;sd79,8,\""); Serial.print((clk.tm_hour>12)?"PM":"AM"); Serial.print("\";sf0;sa1;sd127,1,\""); Serial.print(weekday[clk.tm_wday]); Serial.print("\";sd127,13,\""); Serial.print(clk.tm_mon+1); Serial.print("/"); Serial.print(clk.tm_mday); Serial.println("\""); SerialReadUntilDone(); Serial.print("sf0;sa0;sd1,36,\""); i = schedule[water_schedule].zone; if (i < MAX_ZONES) Serial.print(zone[i].description); localtime_r(&water_time, &clk); if (water_time - rtc_time > SEC_IN_DAY) { Serial.print("\";sa1;sd126,36,\""); Serial.print(clk.tm_mon+1); Serial.print("/"); Serial.print(clk.tm_mday); Serial.print(" "); Serial.print(clk.tm_hour-((clk.tm_hour>12)?12:0)); Serial.print(":"); if (clk.tm_min < 10) Serial.print("0"); Serial.print(clk.tm_min); Serial.print(" "); } else { Serial.print("\";sf1;sa1;sd111,30,\""); Serial.print(clk.tm_hour-((clk.tm_hour>12)?12:0)); Serial.print(":"); if (clk.tm_min < 10) Serial.print("0"); Serial.print(clk.tm_min); Serial.print("\";sf0;sd126,36,\""); } Serial.print((clk.tm_hour>12)?"PM":"AM"); if (nvram.water_duration) Serial.print("\";so2;sc0,29,128,19"); Serial.println(); SerialReadUntilDone(); if (menu_select == -1) { //Serial.print("\";sa0;sd0,52,\""); //Serial.print(rain); SerialPrint("\";so1;sa2;sd63,52,\"");, C2F(temp), error_temp); if (!error_temp) Serial.print("\",248,\"" #ifdef FAHRENHEIT "F" #else "C" #endif ); Serial.print(" / "); Serial.print(lux); } else { Serial.print("\";so0;sc0,51,128,14;sf0;sa2;sd63,52,\""); if (menu_select == MENU_ON_OFF) { Serial.print((nvram.state & STATE_ON_OFF) ? "OFF" : "ON"); } else Serial.print(menu[menu_select]); } Serial.println("\";sd"); SerialReadUntilDone(); update_oled = false; } else init_oled = true; } if (update_nvram) { if (SerialCmdNoError(I2C_EEPROM)) { nvram.crc = crc8((uint8_t*)&nvram, sizeof(nvram)-sizeof(uint8_t)); //swSerial.println(nvram.crc, HEX); SerialWriteEEPROM((uint8_t*)&nvram, 0, sizeof(nvram)); update_nvram = false; } } delay(50); } else { digitalWrite(led, HIGH); delay(500); digitalWrite(led, LOW); delay(500); init_board = true; init_oled = true; } wdt_reset(); } 

Skematik

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