Yang Perlu Anda Ketahui Tentang Pipa Stainless Steel
- Jenis Pipa SS Dasar
- Karakteristik Pipa Stainless Steel
- Aplikasi Pipa SS
- Spesifikasi ASTM untuk Pipa
- Jenis Manufaktur
- ERW SS Vs Pipa SS Mulus
- Jenis Berdasarkan Bentuk
- Pengujian dan Pengemasan
- Jenis Berdasarkan Aplikasi
- Tujuan Pipa SS dalam Aplikasi
- Fitur Pipa bertekanan
- Pipa baja tahan karat 304/304L
- Pipa baja tahan karat 310/310S
- Pipa 316/316L baja tahan karat
- Pipa baja tahan karat 317/317L
- Pipa baja tahan karat 321/321H
- Pipa baja tahan karat 347/347H
- Pipa baja tahan karat 904L
- Harga Pipa Stainless Steel
- FAQ
Sejak pengembangan baja tahan karat lebih dari seratus tahun yang lalu, baja telah menjadi bahan yang paling banyak digunakan dan populer di dunia. Karena baja tahan karat memiliki ketahanan korosi yang luar biasa yang membantu meningkatkan fitur dengan kandungan kromium. Resistensi dapat ditunjukkan dalam mengurangi asam serta terhadap serangan pitting seperti dalam larutan klorida. Ini membutuhkan perawatan yang rendah, dan akrab dengan kilau sehingga menjadikannya bahan yang ideal dan terbaik untuk pipa SS.
Bahan serbaguna ini sangat diperlukan di industri yang luas. Ini mungkin berisi sejumlah aplikasi terutama untuk pipa SS yang menguntungkan pengguna dengan sifat positif.
Paduan yang mengandung besi yang terbuat dari lebih dari dua unsur kimia dikenal sebagai baja tahan karat. Ini banyak digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi yang komprehensif. Paduan baja tahan karat pada dasarnya adalah paduan baja dengan kandungan persentase besi, nikel, dan kromium yang melimpah.
Baja tahan karat telah ada selama berabad-abad, karena rentan terhadap korosi dan bekerja lebih baik dalam kondisi yang sulit. Baja tahan karat mulai dikenal di akhir tahun 1800-an dengan kombinasi besi-kromium dengan ketahanan karat yang ditawarkan. Sejak itu dibentuk menjadi pipa baja tahan karat sehingga dapat digunakan untuk berbagai aplikasi industri.
Pada tahun 1912, seorang peneliti laboratorium brown-firth akhirnya menemukan paduan SS martensit. Materi baru diberi label sebagai Staybrite. Paduan baja tahan karat terdiri dari paduan besi dengan jumlah kromium minimum hingga 10,5%. Anda dapat melihat berbagai paduan yang luar biasa di pasar, satu-satunya perbedaan mereka adalah komposisi kimianya. Elemen paduannya adalah titanium, nikel, karbon, tembaga, nitrogen yang dapat meningkatkan sifat mampu bentuk, kekuatan, dan sifat SS lainnya.
Pipa stainless steel tersedia dalam berbagai jenis produk seperti pipa las dan pipa seamless. Komposisi dapat bervariasi dan ini memungkinkan untuk digunakan di industri masing-masing. Perusahaan industri generik menggunakan pipa stainless steel untuk penggunaan biasa.
Jenis pipa SS dasar
Mari kita lihat berbagai jenis pipa baja tahan karat yang digunakan dalam skenario yang berbeda-
Pipa Mulus
Pipa yang tidak memiliki sambungan las atau sambungan disebut pipa seamless. Itu dapat menahan suhu dan tekanan yang intens atau ekstrim. Semua tangki pergi ke logam. Pipa mulus digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi yang komprehensif seperti aplikasi gas dan minyak. Mereka juga digunakan dalam industri mekanik dan teknik. Inilah yang membuatnya serbaguna sebelum menjangkau klien; mereka diperiksa dengan tingkat presisi yang memastikan jaminan kualitasnya yang tinggi.
Pipa Las
Hampir di setiap industri pipa las digunakan karena fleksibilitasnya. Namun, biayanya lebih baik dalam hal melayani ketahanan korosi yang tinggi sehingga menentang tekanan. Pipa yang dilas ringan karena jenis bahan yang digunakan. Mereka hemat biaya dibandingkan dengan metode perpipaan lainnya dalam hal membayar uang Anda.
Flensa Pipa
Bagian penting lain dari keseluruhan sistem perpipaan yang dibutuhkan adalah flensa pipa. Flensa pipa tersedia dalam berbagai macam seperti ulir, semi, sambungan pangkuan, dan kerai. Mereka adalah bahan yang kokoh dan tahan lama yang memastikan penawaran produk berkualitas tinggi dengan tingkat keandalan tertinggi.
Karakteristik
Ketahanan Korosi
Hampir semua pipa baja tahan karat yang tersedia di pasaran adalah paduan berbahan dasar besi dengan kandungan krom minimal 10,5%. Lapisan oksida yang dapat menyembuhkan diri sendiri atau pelindung terbentuk pada paduan ketika mengandung kromium. Pipa stainless steel mendapatkan sifat ketahanan korosi melalui pembentukan lapisan oksida. Karakteristik penyembuhan diri dari lapisan oksida menyiratkan bahwa ketahanan korosi yang utuh dapat dicapai terlepas dari cara fabrikasi.
Ini memiliki kemampuan untuk menyembuhkan diri sendiri dan menawarkan ketahanan korosi yang tinggi bahkan jika permukaan pipa mengalami kerusakan atau pemotongan. Di sisi lain, lapisan pelindung dibentuk oleh karbon normal dengan pelapisan atau pengecatan seperti galvanisasi. Baja yang mendasari serta korosi terekspos pada modifikasi permukaan.
Cara kerja ketahanan korosi mungkin berbeda dengan nilai pipa baja tahan karat yang berbeda di berbagai lingkungan. Pipa stainless steel memiliki dua karakteristik utama yang sama- mereka memiliki ketahanan dan mengandung kromium yang membuatnya kebal terhadap serangan. Pipa baja tahan karat tidak terpengaruh oleh alkali agresif, asam, dan bahan kimia lainnya.
Nilai pipa yang mengandung nikel, molibdenum, dan kromium yang tinggi menunjukkan ketahanan yang lebih terhadap korosi.
Resistensi Kriogenik (suhu rendah)-
Resistensi kriogenik pada suhu rendah diukur dengan ketangguhan atau keuletan pada suhu di bawah nol. Kekuatan tarik baja tahan karat austenitik secara substansial lebih tinggi pada suhu kriogenik, dibandingkan dengan suhu lingkungan. Mereka juga memiliki kemampuan untuk mempertahankan ketangguhan yang sangat baik, di lingkungan yang keras.
Pada suhu di bawah nol, pipa baja pengerasan presipitasi, martensit, dan feritik tidak boleh digunakan. Pada suhu rendah, ketangguhan grade turun secara signifikan. Ditemukan dalam beberapa kasus, resistensi kriogenik turun mendekati suhu atmosfer.
Pengerasan Kerja
Salah satu keuntungan terbesar dari pengerasan kerja nilai pipa baja tahan karat adalah meningkatkan dan meningkatkan kekuatan logam secara signifikan dan membantu dalam mencapai pengerjaan dingin. Kombinasi tahap anil dan pengerjaan dingin mudah digunakan sehingga memberikan kekuatan yang sesuai untuk komponen fabrikasi.
Kekuatan Panas
Kekuatan tinggi dapat dipertahankan pada suhu puncak atau tinggi. Nilai pipa baja tahan karat yang mengandung kromium atau silikon besar, nitrogen bertanggung jawab atas kekuatan panas. Kekuatan panas tinggi dapat ditawarkan untuk nilai nilai feritik kromium.
Pipa baja tahan karat dengan kandungan kromium tinggi membantu menahan penskalaan pada suhu puncak atau tinggi.
Kekuatan dan Kemampuan Bentuk
Pipa baja tahan karat dengan tingkat yang berbeda menawarkan rentang kekuatan yang berbeda. Dibandingkan dengan kekuatan ringan, kekuatannya agak tetap konstan dalam kondisi lunak. Baja austenitik yang lebih lembut mengandung pemanjangan dan keuletan yang luar biasa. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikerjakan secara dingin untuk menghasilkan produk jadi dengan rangkaian semi-fabrikasi yang ekstensif. Untuk mencapai kondisi akhir, ketangguhan dan kekuatan digabungkan secara efektif.
Rentang keuletan dan kekuatan yang baik ditawarkan oleh pipa baja tahan karat feritik. Perlakuan panas selanjutnya menghasilkan kekerasan dan kekuatan tinggi, untuk pipa baja martenisitik.
Daktilitas
% perpanjangan bertanggung jawab untuk daktilitas saat uji tarik. Perpanjangan baja tahan karat austenitik tinggi. Pengerasan kerja yang tinggi dan tingkat keuletan yang tinggi memungkinkan baja tahan karat austenitik untuk membentuk dan bekerja dalam berbagai proses seperti deep drawing.
Kekuatan Tinggi
Dibandingkan dengan baja ringan, baja tahan karat memiliki jumlah kekuatan tarik yang lebih tinggi. Baja tahan karat dupleks umumnya memiliki kekuatan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan baja austenitik. Di kelas martensit, tingkat kekuatan tarik tertinggi dapat dilihat serta di kelas pengerasan presipitasi. Tipe grade ini memiliki kekuatan ganda dibandingkan grade lainnya.
Respons Magnetik
Respon magnetik umumnya daya tarik stainless steel. Nilai austenitik murni non magnetik dan dapat diinduksi dalam beberapa nilai austenitik melalui pengerjaan dingin. Nilai seperti 316 dan 310 umumnya non-magnetik dengan pengerjaan dingin. Semua grade baja tahan karat lainnya bersifat magnetis.
Layanan Suhu Tinggi dan Rendah
Baja tahan karat dapat mempertahankan kekuatan dalam proporsi yang tinggi ketika dipanaskan. Ini menunjukkan perubahan warna ketika dipanaskan pada suhu yang sangat tinggi. Akibatnya, pipa baja tahan karat digunakan di industri pada suhu ekstrem. Kekuatan pipa dapat berkurang dengan pengurangan berbagai faktor. Pada suhu tinggi, jenis pemanjangan yang lambat tapi tetap dapat dilihat dengan tahan terhadap bahaya.
Ini tahan lama ketika bersentuhan dengan produk pembakaran pada kisaran suhu mendekati 1100 derajat c. Suhu mencapai -196 derajat C dalam beberapa proses ini dapat mengakibatkan hilangnya keuletan serta ketangguhan. Paduan tahan karat austenitik khusus digunakan dengan dasar paduan Ni untuk membuatnya ideal.
Korosi lokal-
Retak korosi tegangan atau SSC–
Stress Corrosion Cracking atau SSC pada dasarnya adalah retak mendadak akibat kegagalan komponen atau deformasi. Ini terjadi ketika kondisi berikut ditemukan-
- Salah satu bagian menjadi stres karena tegangan sisa
- Pipa tidak memiliki ketahanan yang cukup
- Pipa baja tahan karat dibuat sedemikian rupa sehingga menunjukkan tingkat ketahanan korosi tegangan yang tinggi.
Tahan panas dan api
Karena kombinasi kelas paduan nikel dan kromium memiliki kapasitas untuk menahan penskalaan serta mempertahankan kekuatan pada suhu yang sangat tinggi.
Kebersihan
Pipa stainless steel mudah dibersihkan dan karena klien ini biasanya memilihnya. Dapat digunakan di rumah potong hewan, Dapur, rumah sakit, dan industri seperti pabrik pengolahan makanan.
Penampilan estetis
Pipa stainless steel cerah dan dapat dipertahankan karena penampilannya yang menarik dan modern.
Keunggulan dari berat ke kekuatan
Penguatan yang signifikan dapat dihasilkan karena properti pengerasan kerja dari pengerjaan dingin. Di atas perataan konvensional, perataan dupleks telah mengurangi ketebalan material.
Kemudahan pembuatan
Dengan menggunakan teknik modern, pipa baja tahan karat dapat dengan mudah dibentuk, dikerjakan, dilas, dibuat, dan dipotong.
Resistensi dampak-
Struktur mikro austenitik dari baja tahan karat menawarkan ketangguhan tinggi pada suhu tinggi. Itu sebabnya dapat digunakan dalam aplikasi kriogenik.
Nilai jangka panjang
Jika Anda mempertimbangkan siklus hidup total atau keseluruhan baja tahan karat, Anda akan menemukan bahwa bahan yang paling murah akan digunakan. Manfaat jangka panjang dapat diperoleh dengan pipa baja tahan karat.
Aplikasi
Sekarang Anda telah mengetahui mengapa baja tahan karat digunakan, mari kita lihat di industri seperti apa baja tahan karat itu digunakan-
Minyak dan Gas
Jelaslah bahwa dalam industri gas dan minyak, teknologi dan peralatan memainkan peran penting. Selama beberapa tahun terakhir, persyaratan sistem perpipaan tahan korosi telah dieksplorasi secara mendalam. Pipa baja tahan karat dupleks dan dupleks super banyak digunakan di industri minyak dan gas. Ini menunjukkan ketahanan korosi yang luar biasa dalam kondisi yang keras dan sulit. Jika ada kerusakan, sistem pipa tidak dapat digunakan dan mudah meledak untuk kedalaman yang lebih dalam. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar pipa yang kokoh digunakan dalam industri gas dan minyak agar dapat bekerja dengan baik di industri.
Daya Nuklir
Mengumpulkan energi dari inti atom bukanlah tugas yang mudah. Jenis reaktor nuklir yang kami gunakan menawarkan uap melalui air yang dialirkan untuk memutar turbin di dekat pantai sehingga mendapatkan energi untuk kebutuhan pendinginan. Kemudian air dipompa ke reaktor melalui pipa stainless steel. Pipa-pipa ini memenuhi kebutuhan atau persyaratan yang bersifat korosif pada air laut. Untuk dapat bertahan terhadap korosi, pipa baja tahan karat harus memenuhi syarat agar dapat digunakan untuk industri tenaga nuklir.
Spesifikasi ASTM untuk Pipa
Pepatah lama mengatakan bahwa industri dan standar berjalan beriringan. Produksi dan pengujian dapat bervariasi karena variasi dalam standar organisasi yang berbeda untuk rentang aplikasi yang luas. Pembeli pertama-tama perlu memahami dasar-dasar spesifikasi industri yang berbeda untuk proyek mereka, lihat dari paragraf di bawah ini.
ASTM
ASTM adalah singkatan dari American Society untuk pengujian dan bahan. Internasional ASTM menawarkan standar layanan dan bahan industri di berbagai sektor yang ada di industri. Organisasi khusus ini telah melayani 12000+ standar yang saat ini digunakan di industri di seluruh dunia.
Hampir 100+ standar berkaitan dengan pipa baja tahan karat, dan perlengkapannya. ASTM mencakup hampir semua jenis pipa tidak seperti organisasi standar lainnya.
Contoh Fox- berbagai macam pipa ditebar sebagai produk pipa Amerika. Untuk layanan suhu tinggi, pipa karbon mulus digunakan dengan standar yang sesuai. Penentuan komposisi kimia dan proses manufaktur spesifik yang terkait dengan material menentukan standar ASTM.
Jumlah yang diizinkan adalah magnesium, nikel, karbon, dll berdasarkan “Kelas”.
Misalnya- Grade A dan B membantu dalam identifikasi pipa baja karbon. Selanjutnya, nilai ASTM dapat diatur sesuai dengan flensa, pipa, fitting, dan mur.
Bahan ASTM
A106 -spesifikasi ini digunakan untuk layanan suhu tinggi
A335 – untuk layanan suhu tinggi pipa baja feritik mulus
A333 -untuk penggunaan suhu rendah digunakan pipa baja paduan yang dilas dan mulus
A312 – untuk servis korosif umum dan servis suhu tinggi, digunakan las pengerjaan dingin, las jahitan lurus, dan pipa tanpa sambungan
Standar ASTM berperan penting dalam pengujian, evaluasi mekanis, persyaratan pemasangan, desain, dan spesifikasi pipa.
Jenis Berdasarkan Manufaktur – Welded ERW, EFW, Seamless
Pembuatan pipa las dari kumparan atau pelat menerus melibatkan penggulungan pelat atau kumparan pada bagian melingkar dengan bantuan mesin rol atau pembengkok dalam proses yang berkelanjutan. dalam pembuatan ukuran besar dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan pengisi. Pipa las lebih murah tidak seperti pipa seamless yang lebih mahal. Pada dasarnya ada berbagai metode pengelasan seperti-
EFW – pengelasan fusi listrik
ERW – pengelasan hambatan listrik
HFW – pengelasan frekuensi tinggi
SAW – pengelasan busur terendam (jahitan spiral atau jahitan panjang)
Pada bagian ini Anda akan belajar dan memahami tentang proses pembuatan pipa seperti HFW, EFW, ERW, dan SAW. Dari kumparan terus menerus serta strip, pipa yang dilas diproduksi. Untuk menghasilkan pipa yang diproduksi, kumparan atau pelat pertama-tama digulung dalam bentuk lingkaran menggunakan mesin pencampur pelat.
Bagian melingkar kemudian diteruskan ke bagian kedua. Pada bagian kedua, pengaturan pengelasan membantu dalam pengelasan pipa. Pipa dapat dengan mudah dilas tanpa atau dengan bahan pengisi melalui proses pengelasan yang sesuai. Pipa yang dilas pada umumnya jauh lebih murah dibandingkan dengan pipa tanpa sambungan tetapi lemah karena sambungan las. Pipa yang dilas diproduksi dalam ukuran besar tanpa batasan atas. Siku dan tikungan radius panjang dapat dibentuk melalui pembuatan pipa yang dilas.
Sekarang, Anda telah mengetahui dasar pembentukan pipa melalui mesin rolling. Proses serupa ini dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan pipa SAW yang tebal.
Proses Produksi Pipa Las Saw
Logam pengisi eksternal seperti elektroda kawat digunakan dalam sambungan pelat yang dibentuk. Jahitan longitudinal tunggal diketahui tergabung dalam pipa gergaji berdasarkan ukuran pipa. Namun, untuk proses non-kritis atau layanan bertekanan rendah digunakan pipa gergaji.
Pengelasan dilakukan pada pipa SAW single seam, melalui proses perendaman dalam proses las busur. Untuk bagian luar, kawat pengisi padat digunakan terus menerus. Kemudian pipa dilas dari luar.
Dalam pipa SAW jahitan ganda, melalui tack weld dua bagian terhubung yang dikenal sebagai Fit-up. Memiliki dua jahitan bolak-balik bertanggung jawab untuk pipa jahitan ganda. Jahitan dilas dari luar dan dalam pipa. Pengelasan beberapa kali dilakukan melalui pipa dengan ketebalan tinggi.
De-coiler dibentuk dari pelat baja dalam pipa spiral SAW dalam loop spiral. Loop ini dilas dari luar dan dalam pipa. Berbagai diameter, menggunakan proses manufaktur yang berbeda diproduksi.
Untuk proses tekanan rendah, digunakan pipa spiral SAW. Untuk layanan tekanan sedang atau tinggi, digunakan pipa gergaji lurus. Pipa spiral digunakan dibandingkan dengan pipa lurus.
Perlakuan panas kemudian dilakukan setelah pengelasan, pada seluruh badan pipa. Pipa yang dilas dengan jahitan kemudian menjalani banyak pengujian non-destruktif seperti pengujian UT dan RT agar material yang dilas dapat digunakan dengan baik.
Setelah selesai mereka diuji hidro sehingga dapat digunakan bahwa ia memiliki kemampuan untuk menunjukkan penyegelan anti bocor di bawah tekanan, dan kekuatan. Pipa-pipa tersebut kemudian diperiksa secara dimensi dan visual melalui teknisi inspeksi yang kompeten sebagai tahap terakhir pengujian.
SESUAI kebutuhan standar, tanda diposting sebelum dikirim ke klien yang terhormat.
Pembuatan pipa las ERW/ EFW-
Pipa las ERW/EFW adalah pipa dengan ketebalan lebih sedikit yang dapat dibentuk dengan metode rolling konstan. Dalam metode semacam ini, strip logam dimasukkan dari strip ke seri roller yang dirakit secara berurutan. Strip akan terbentuk secara bertahap di bagian melingkar. Pada perakitan ujung rolling paus, pipa dilas terus menerus melalui mesin las.
HFW, EFW/ERW menggunakan metode pengelasan, tanpa penambahan bahan pengisi. Namun, bersama dengan bahan pengisi, metode pengelasan EFW digunakan.
Proses Produksi Pipa ERW
Dalam manufaktur pengelasan ERW, tembaga mengembangkan dua elektroda yang digunakan untuk menerapkan arus dan tekanan. Elektroda biasanya berbentuk cakram yang berputar ketika material melewatinya. Elektroda kemudian dibiarkan agar tetap bersentuhan dengan kuat untuk membuat pengelasan terus menerus berhasil.
Tegangan rendah dan arus tinggi umumnya listrik AC melalui trafo las digunakan untuk menyambung pipa yang memiliki tingkat hambatan yang ekstrim. Kemudian dipanaskan sehingga membawanya pada titik leleh melalui arus. Permukaan pipa yang semi-cair disatukan oleh suatu gaya sehingga membentuk ikatan fusi dan struktur las yang seragam adalah hasilnya.
Pembuatan Pipa HFW
Untuk mengembangkan sambungan las, arus frekuensi tinggi digunakan dalam pengelasan HFW. Namun, busur energi tinggi eksternal dimanfaatkan untuk mengembangkan sambungan las dalam proses pengelasan EFW. Penumpukan material hasil las yang berlebih dari dalam dan luar pipa kemudian dirapikan atau dihilangkan dengan menggunakan trimming tool.
Perlakuan panas lokal di atas pipa jahitan las digunakan untuk mengurangi efek pengelasan negatif. Setelah dibersihkan dari tes ultrasonik. Untuk mengembalikan struktur mikro pipa, metode pemanasan induksi digunakan. Perlakuan panas khusus ini disebut sebagai post annealing.
Pada tahap selanjutnya, pipa HFW diizinkan untuk melewati pemeriksaan dimensi, visual, pengujian hidro, dan pengujian yang disertifikasi oleh engineer inspeksi untuk pengemasan.
Perbedaan antara ERW dan Pipa SS Seamless
Pembuatan pengelasan hambatan listrik diikuti dengan menggulung logam sepanjang panjangnya. Dengan ekstrusi logam, pipa mulus diproduksi dengan panjang yang diinginkan. ERW adalah sambungan yang dilas sepanjang penampangnya sedangkan pipa tanpa sambungan disambung melalui panjangnya.
Dalam pipa seamless, seluruh manufaktur dilakukan melalui billet bulat padat dan ini bukan pengelasan. Pipa mulus selesai dengan ketebalan dinding dan spesifikasi dimensi dalam berbagai ukuran. Untuk aplikasi tekanan tinggi seperti transportasi minyak dan gas, industri dan kilang, pipa ini digunakan.
Pipa las hambatan listrik pada umumnya dilas memanjang, yang diproduksi melalui koil atau strip. Ini digunakan untuk aplikasi tekanan sedang atau rendah seperti transportasi air atau minyak. Anda bisa mendapatkan ukuran umum untuk pipa seamless atau ERW dalam berbagai panjang. Permukaan akhir tersedia dalam format berlapis dan format kosong untuk klien terhormat sesuai kebutuhan atau persyaratan.
Tipe berdasarkan bentuk – Bulat, Persegi, Persegi Panjang
Pipa stainless steel ditawarkan dalam bentuk berbasis tipe seperti persegi, bulat dan persegi panjang. Setiap bentuk baja tahan karat dibahas secara singkat di bawah ini-
Pipa Bulat Stainless Steel
Pipa bundar yang diproduksi oleh kami umumnya adalah pipa bundar kelas austenitik yang dianggap dapat dilas melalui metode umum seperti teknik resistensi dan fusi. Ketika dingin terbentuk produksi permukaan bergelombang yang terlihat oleh ukuran butir yang muncul yang dikenal sebagai “kulit jeruk”.
Pipa stainless steel yang ditawarkan memiliki versi modifikasi karena kombinasi level aluminium dan titanium sehingga dapat digunakan melayani pada suhu yang optimal. Karena struktur mikro austenitik, pipa bundar mampu memberikan kekuatan benturan di ruangan maupun pada suhu kriogenik.
Pipa bulat mulus stainless steel juga menunjukkan ketahanan terhadap format, fosfat, belerang, media non pengoksidasi dan asam asetat. Ini juga memiliki ketahanan terhadap retak korosi tegangan, panas las, garis pisau, korosi pitting- yang dianggap terkena serangan zona. Selain itu, ketahanan korosi yang luar biasa memungkinkan fabrikasi pipa bulat.
Untuk produksi casing dalam produksi gas dan minyak, ia disuplai dengan sifat kekuatan yang lebih tinggi. Beberapa fitur yang dikenal adalah pengoperasian yang konsisten, konstruksi yang kokoh, perawatan yang mudah, harga yang terjangkau, dan kinerja yang unggul.
Pipa bundar memiliki kisaran ukuran ”-24” NB. Ini memiliki nilai sebagai TP-304/L/H, TP-321/H, dan banyak lagi. Standarnya adalah ASTM A249-A358-A269-A778-A409-A789-A790. Panjang toleransi untuk komersial adalah 6000mm dan untuk panjang tetap adalah 1200mm-12000mm. Hasil akhir dapat berupa solusi dianil, disikat, mulus, dilas, dan diasamkan serta dipoles cermin.
Kami juga menawarkan pipa bulat dalam berbagai desain, bentuk, dan ukuran yang berbeda sesuai spesifikasi dan permintaan pelanggan dengan harga yang wajar. Beberapa jenis yang dikenal adalah pipa bulat mulus stainless steel, pipa bulat EFW baja, pipa las ERW bulat stainless steel dan pipa bulat ERW stainless steel.
Pipa Persegi Stainless Steel
Kami menawarkan pipa persegi stainless steel terkemuka yang bekerja dengan baik di pabrik multiguna seperti dalam kondisi sering terganggu. Untuk lingkungan yang agresif seperti media yang mengandung klorida, air laut terklorinasi hangat, serta media asam, pipa ini terutama digunakan.
Pekerja produksi kami memiliki pengalaman bertahun-tahun dalam pembuatan pipa persegi ini secara efektif sehingga dapat menyediakan pipa berbiaya rendah dan berkualitas tinggi dengan jaminan layanan terbaik. Suhu yang dapat ditahannya adalah 600 derajat F dan kandungan karbon bertanggung jawab untuk menjadi kritis.
Pipa persegi baja tahan karat dipasang oleh gas di sekitar 700 derajat F serta dalam serangan belerang cair pada 500 derajat F. Ini menawarkan ketahanan korosi yang sama seperti nikel tetapi dengan suhu dan tekanan kerja yang lebih tinggi dengan biaya rendah karena kemampuan unggul untuk mendapatkan mesin.
SS Square Seamless Pipes yang kami tawarkan terkenal karena ketangguhannya yang dapat dipertahankan pada rentang suhu dan tekanan yang substansial. Pipa persegi tahan terhadap korosi serta asam. Beberapa paduan pipa dapat menahan nyala api dalam oksigen murni. Ini adalah pengerjaan dingin dan juga pengerjaan panas. Pipa Las Persegi SS tidak memerlukan perlakuan termal untuk mengembangkan kombinasi daktilitas kekuatan terbaik serta meminimalkan distorsi selama pemesinan berikutnya. Kami menawarkan pipa ini dalam berbagai ukuran, bentuk, serta desain sesuai permintaan dan kebutuhan klien dengan harga yang wajar.
Serupa dengan pipa bulat stainless steel, pipa ini juga memiliki fitur seperti kinerja yang unggul, harga yang terjangkau, pengoperasian yang konsisten, penanganan yang mudah, konstruksi yang kokoh, dan kualitas bermutu tinggi.
Pipa persegi memiliki kisaran ukuran ”-24” NB. Standarnya adalah ASTM A249 -A409-A789- A358-A269-A778-A790. Panjang toleransi untuk komersial adalah 6000mm +/-30mm dan untuk panjang tetap adalah 1200mm-12000mm dan +/-0,5mm. Hasil akhir bisa disikat, mulus, dilas, dianil, dan diasamkan dan dipoles cermin. Ini memiliki nilai sebagai TP-304/L/H, TP-321/H, dan banyak lagi.
Pipa persegi panjang baja tahan karat
Pipa Persegi Panjang SS yang ditawarkan oleh kami menunjukkan ketahanan yang lebih tinggi terhadap; banyak media korosif yang juga memiliki sifat listrik, termal dan magneto-strictive yang baik. Laju korosi rendah pada asam murni tanpa aerasi untuk semua aplikasi pada suhu atmosfer. Dalam larutan panas dan pekat, tarifnya biasanya tinggi untuk masa pakai yang rasional.
Pipa Baja Persegi Panjang harus digunakan dalam media asam nitrat hanya dalam larutan dengan konsentrasi 0,5% pada tekanan dan suhu kamar. Pipa persegi panjang ini juga digunakan dalam rakitan tahan korosi air laut, sirkuit pendingin, amunisi, dan tabung kondensor. Pipa Seamless Persegi Panjang Stainless Steel yang ditawarkan oleh kami mudah menjadi lebih besar menjadi lembaran tabung yang diperlukan untuk kemudahan pembuatan cangkang tabung dan penukar panas.
Pipa persegi panjang dapat berupa panas dan dingin yang dibentuk melalui peregangan atau palu jatuh, hidropres, metode rem daya. Pipa Las Persegi Panjang Stainless Steel digunakan untuk perpipaan, sistem air laut, penukar panas, dan kondensor di perangkat keras kelautan. Kadang-kadang digunakan untuk baling-baling, lambung kapal tunda premium, poros engkol, kapal penangkap ikan dan kapal kerja. Kami menawarkan pipa persegi panjang dalam berbagai ukuran, dan desain bentuk sesuai dengan spesifikasi klien dengan harga praktis.
Pengujian dan Pengemasan Pipa Kotak, Bulat, dan Persegi Panjang
Pengujian yang dilakukan pada bentuk pipa adalah uji Destruktif, uji non destruktif, uji material positif, uji mikro dan makro, uji kimia/analisis spektro, uji korosi intergranular, uji flaring, uji hidrostatik. Pengujian pipa khusus adalah uji charpy, uji Mekanik, uji kekerasan, uji tarik, uji ultrasonik, uji radiografi, uji perataan, uji korosi lubang dan inspeksi visual.
Dokumen-dokumen yang ditawarkan bersama dengan produk adalah faktur komersial, daftar kemasan seperti berat bersih dan kotor, jumlah dan tanda, panduan spesifikasi, sertifikat fumigasi, dan nomor. Dokumen lainnya adalah laporan pengujian NABL, laporan MTC sesuai EN 10204 3.1 atau 3.2 dan surat jaminan.
Pipa baja tahan karat dikemas dalam kotak kayu, peti, karton, dan kotak, pembungkus tiang individu dengan stretch film, tabung kertas spiral, inti pada paletnya.
Jenis Berdasarkan Aplikasi – Sanitasi, Mekanik, Pipa Bertekanan, Pipa yang Dipoles
Pipa baja tahan karat digunakan dalam sejumlah aplikasi berdasarkan tingkat dan tujuannya. Pipa aplikasi dibuat melalui campuran paduan yang dipilih sesuai dengan jenis industri atau tujuan yang perlu dilayani. Baja tahan karat dapat digunakan misalnya, dalam lift hidrolik pesawat terbang, atau industri lainnya.
Many of the renowned factories such a production line or mills make use of stainless steel pipes for easy working of equipments. In order to resist high temperature and pressure strength of the stainless steel must be chosen according to it.
Some of the unique properties it offers are sustainable as well as long lasting alloy steel, less brittle, high rust resistance, low &high temperature resistance and less magnetic permeability, and higher aesthetic appeal.
Stainless steel is basically steel alloys with low percentage of chromium. The addition of chromium improves corrosion properties related to steel. The maintenance of steel pipes is really easy with oxidation resistance.
These metals never ever spoil other metals that come in contact and can be used in numerous application types. Pipe manufactory can be used in application where tough and harsh working is required.
Based on the pipe’s end usage, the types of pipes can be classified. It is classified in various grade types of pipes. Today, in the market numerous number of steel types are made available when it coems to gain desirable properties with added particulates.
Main Purpose of SS in Applications
The stainless steel pipe is best suited for applications where corrosion resistance required arises.
Martensitic or ferritic steel types contains chromium so that it can be used in heat treatment as well as annealing applications
The stainless steel pipe of austenitic type comprises of nickel and chromium content which provides more resistance for usage in harsh conditions.
Given below are basic stainless steel pipe types
Pressure pipes- Pipes that are produced through the combination of nickel and solid chromium are known as pressure pipes. High acidic features at high temperature are offered with seamless welded electric fusion and large diameter pipes. The pipes that get used to carry fluid at high level of pressures are known as pressure pipes.
Features of pressure pipe
It helps in transferring of fluid via input and output. It works well with forge fluids as well as tanks or pipe from mods. It has the capability to transfer multiple amount of fluid on similar pipe. It can filter fluid type on its output as well as input. It has smart distribution between outputs.
Sanitary pipes
The another type of Stainless steel that is related to high sanitation applications such as sensitive application is known as sanitary pipes. In industry this pipe type has highest priority for effective flow of fluid. The pipe possesses highest corrosion resistance and it doesn’t tarnish by providing maintenance ease. As per the application, various tolerance levels gets decided. Sanitary pipes with ASTMA270 grades get utilized.
Sanitary pipe gets produced using effective methods so as to make it hygienic fitting types. They are used due to its easy cleaning and it can be easily dismantled. Manual cleaning or CIP process can be executed. The place where bacteria harbor or form is limited by this pipe. The pipe has corrosion resistance. All sanitary pipes get measured in OD tube. You can measure the diameter of sanitary pipe if you hold it on your hand.
Most of the sanitary stainless steel pipes may be either 316L or 304 stainless steel pipes. The sanitary pipe fittings don’t have any tight radii, threads, or pockets. The sanitary fitting provides sanitary clamp or buttweld clamp.
Mechanical pipe
In mechanical pipe application, hallow parts, bearing parts and cylinder parts are used typically. The mechanical can be controlled easily to wide variety of sectional shapes like rectangular, square, and other shapes in adding up to regular or traditional shapes. The commonly used grade types in mechanical applications are A554 and ASTMA 511. Mechanical steel pipe gets utilized in machined as well as formed parts such as transportation, household equipment, aircraft, farm machinery, automotive machinery, and industrial applications.
The stainless steel pipes are available in wide range of sizes and grades. The formation of mechanical pipe can be achieved through austenitic stainless steel or other steel. The typical mechanical pipe has size in range of 1.5-9 inch.
Excellent machinability – Most of the mechanical pipe grades has excellent machinability with consistent properties so as to increase cutting speed, set up times and reduce tool wear.
Cutting service – The mechanical pipe can be offered by top manufacturer and producer in random lengths or any of the cut to fixed length that has a range from 2.5-6.5 m. .
Polished pipe
The polished stainless steel pipes get used in house facility precisely based on the specifications. Acclaimed enterprise engage in offering of comprehensive array of stainless steel polished pipes. The polished pipes help in reducing wear and tear on operating parts. It also helps in reduction of adhesion and contamination of surfaces of various equipments. The electropolished surface can be used in many applications.
The polished pipes offered helps in promoting cleaning as well as help in reduction of down time association. The polished pipes are offered internationally and nationally along with high quality material. The top manufacturer offer pipes in customized thickness and sizes as per client demand or requirement at marketing prices.
Stainless steel polished pipes inherit no additional coating, corrosion resistant, and finishing needed. For decorative and architectural application, the polished pipes play an important and crucial part. Consistent and uniform surface finishing of polished pipes can be created.
Some of the leading features of polished pipes are durability, smooth, fine fishing, top quality handlebars, corrosion resistance, and uniform surface and consistent surface, dimensional accuracy. Manufacturing of polished pipes can be soft or cold rolled, descaled, and polished rolls.
All the stainless steel Type based pipes such as mechanical pipe, pressure pipe, polished pipe and sanitary pipes gets utilized in number of applications based on application purpose.
Stainless Steel 304/304L Pipes
Because of the ability of stainless steel to resist rusting against harmful chemicals and tough environment, it has been remarkably been used in industries. It shows incredible resistance to alloying environment and components when exposed to it. Various sorts of stainless steel are served in industry for variety of purposes. Out of all those stainless steel products, stainless steel 304/304L pipes are the most preferred.
Each and every type of SS is graded in series. The series classifies different sort of stainless steel ranging from 200- 600. All the grade pipes are available in different properties from families such as Ferritic, austenitic, martensitic and duplex hardening stainless. High resistance and high strength toward corrosion is well shown by all stainless steel grades.
The given below info shows difference between two types available in market- 304 and 304L.
304 Type Stainless Steel
304 Type is one of the most widely utilized austenitic or non-magnetic stainless steel. It is commonly termed as “18/8” SS due to its compositions that may include 18% chromium and 8% nickel. The type 304 SS has welding properties and good forming properties like strength and strong corrosion resistance.
This sort of stainless steel shows good drawability. It is made available in various sizes and shapes with regard to other grade types. It can be exercised with no annealing. Type 304 is commonly used in food industry. It is ideal for milk processing, wine making and brewing. It is also used for pipelines for yeast pans, storage tanks, fermentation vats.
Type 304 stainless steel is found in tabletops, sinks, refrigerators, utensils, cooking appliance and stoves. It has the ability to withstand corrosion which got cased by various chemicals such as milk, meat and fruits. It can also be used for chemical architecture, heat exchangers, and chemical containers.
Type 304 got used in water filtration systems and mining systems.
304L Type Stainless Steel
Type 304L SS products are extra low carbon content products in comparison to 304 steel alloys. In 304L lower carbon content, harmful carbide precipitation and deleterious get minimized during the welding process. Therefore, the 304L products are known as “welded products” that works well in corrosive environment and it is also capable of eliminating annealing need or requirement.
The grade has lower mechanical properties compared to standard 304 grades. Like 304 stainless steel, it also gets used in wine making and beer-brewing. It has purpose beyond food industries. It is also ideal for metal parts such as bolts and nuts when exposed to brine water.
Testing
Magnetic response test- the product is kept under permanent magnet so as to see whether it got work well in cold working or not. Misalnya. – rolling, bending, and forming.
Nitric acid reaction- the nitric acid reaction is executed when the product is kept in strong nitric acid at room temperature. It is to see whether it can work in harmful or corrosive environment or not.
Molybdenum spot test- the steel is clean first using abrasive paper and a drop of standard solution is poured on it. Presence of Mo confirms darkening of the drop. It is to see whether it avoid skin and eye exposure or not.
Stainless steel 310/310s pipes
Stainless steel grade 310 pipes are basically medium carbon stainless steel that can be used for higher temperature applications such as heat treatment equipment and furnace parts. In continuous service, it can withstand temperature of 1150 degree C and in intermittent service, the bearing temperature is 1035 degree C. 310S is also known as low carbon version compared to grade 310.
Stainless Steel 310/310S Applications
The typical applications of grade 310/310S are- it is used in kilns, fluidized bed combustors, tube hangers and steam boilers, lead pots, and refractory anchor bolts. It is also used for food processing equipment, muffles, cryogenic structures, and retorst.
Grade 310/310s Properties
These grades comprises of 20% nickel, 25% chromium. This is what makes it highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation. Grade 310S are basically low carbon version that is less flat to embrittlement. It also shows sensitization in services. The highest and medium chromium and nickel content respectively make the stainless steel capable for reducing sulphuric atmosphere that contain H2S.
They are used widely in moderate carburizing atmospheres like in petrochemical environments. Heat resisting alloys are used in more severe atmospheres. Grade 310 is not at all recommended for quenching that use frequent liquids from thermal shocks. This grade type is often exercised in cryogenic applications because of low magnetic permeability and toughness.
In common with austenitic SS, these grades are not at all hardened through heat treatment. It can’t be hardened through cold work and is practiced rarely.
Chemical Compositions for Grade 310/310S
Grade 310 as well as grade 310S stainless steel has different chemical compositions which is summarized in the next paragraphs.
The grade 310 and 310 S has carbon, silicon, sulphur, manganese, phosphorus, nickel, and chromium. For each element that chemical composition is different.
Mechanical Properties of Grade 310/310S
The mechanical properties of 310/310S grades are summarized as- grade 0.2% proof stress, tensile strength, elongation and hardness with 205, 520, 40, and 225 respectively.
Physical Properties of Grade 310/310S
The physical properties of 310/310S stainless steel are summarized as- at room temperature density, electrical resistivity, shear modulus, poisson’s ration, electrical conductivity, and melting point respectively. Other physical properties that make it incredible product are relative magnetic permeability, coefficient of expansion, and thermal conductivity.
Fabrication of 310/310S SS
Grade 310/310S fabrication involves forging in temperature gap of 975-1175 degree C. At 1050 degree C heavy work can be carried out easily then a light finish got applied to the bottom. After forging, basically annealing is recommended so as to relieve stresses from forging process.
Machinability of grades
Grade 310/310S pipes can be machineable and the only problem is work hardening. It remove work hardening layer through slow speed as well as sharp tools. It can be lubricated. Rigid tools, heavy tools and powerful machining can be used.
Welding of grades
The grade 310/310S can be welded with electrodes as well as filler metals. Some of the welding process these grades readily suit are GTAW, SAW, GMAW. There isn’t any requirement for post heat and preheat for corrosion service.
Stainless steel 316/316L pipes
Grade 316/316L is basically a standard moly-bearing grade type that has got second position in importance to 304 grade types. Better overall resistance to corrosion is provided by molybdenum, particularly crevice corrosion and pitting resistance is also served in chloride environments.
Grade 316L is generally known as low carbon content of 316. It is immune to sensitization. That is why it is extensively utilized in heavy gauge weldable components.
There isn’t any price difference between 316 and 316L stainless steels pipes. Excellent toughness is offered by austenitic structure.
As Compared to nickel-chromium stainless steels, the 316L offer highest stress to rupture, creep and tensile strength at peak temperature.
Key properties-
The grade 310/310S has chemical composition with elements such as nitrogen, Molybdenum, silicon, Phosphorous, chromium, and manganese as well as carbon.
The mechanical properties are appropriate elongation, yield strength, hardness Rockwell B, and tensile strength. Physical properties are appropriate density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and elastic modulus.
Corrosion resistance
Various atmospheric environmental ranges are offered in which the product works well. It is subjected to crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion in hot chloride environment. The product works well at 60 degree C for stress corrosion cracking. It shows resistant toward potable water at 1000mg/L under ambient temperature.
The 316 is regarded as “marine grade SS” however it is not at all resistant toward hot sea water. In marine environment, this product does inherit surface corrosion. This particular product comes in associated rough surface and crevice finish.
Heat resistance
In intermittent service, the product has good oxidation resistance. At 925 degree C it works well in continuous service. The grade 316 works well at 425-860 degree C and it is not recommended to use it in aqueous corrosion. Toward carbide precipitation, the grade 316L shows more resistance. It has higher strength at peak temperature and it shows pressure containing applications temperature exceeding 500 degree C.
Heat treatment
It is capable of working in solution treatment. It can be heated at 1010-1120 degree C and it can be cooled rapidly.
Welding
All standards grades can be welded using resistance and standard fusion methods. It can be welded with as well as without filler metals. The grade 316 has a requirement of post welding for corrosion resistance however no post welding annealing is required.
It isn’t weldable through oxyacetylene welding methods.
Machining
The 316L SS tends to work awesomely if machining is done. For constant feed rates and low speeds 316L is recommended.
316 is much easier to machining because of low carbon content.
Cold and hot working
It can be hot worked through hot working techniques. The temperature range 1150-1260 degree C is suitable for hot working temperatures. Some of the common working operations on 316L are drawing, stamping, shearing. Post work annealing is easily carried out via removing internal stress.
Hardening as well as work hardening-
- Toward heat treatment, 316L is not at all hardened. It can be only be hardened by cold working so as to increase strength.
- The grade 316/316L is well used in architectural applications, marine applications and pharmaceuticals.
Stainless Steel 317/317L Pipes
Grade 317
The stainless steel is in general known as super alloy steels. The product consists around 4 to 30% content of chromium. They can be easily classified into Ferritic, martensitic, austenitic steels as per the crystalline structure.
Grade 317 is tougher compared to other stainless steel. Chip breaker usage is recommended for machinability of grade. Constant feeds reduce the hardenability that is why low speed gets used.
The grade grade 317 steel pipes are all weldable through resistance and fusion methods. For this particular alloy, oxyacetylene is not all used. For obtaining good results, 317L or AWS E/ER317 filler metal gets used.
The grade 317 can be hot worked through common procedures used for hot working. At 1149-1260 degree C or 2100-2300 degree F, it can be heated but below 927 degree C is shouldn’t be heated.
Cold working is successfully done through heading, shearing, drawing and stamping. Reduction of stress can be achieved through annealing.
At 1850-2050 F annealing is done by cooling. Grade 317 doesn’t retort to heat treatment. However, it can be cold worked.
Some of the applications in which grade 317 gets used are textiles, chemical equipment, and pulping paper.
Grade 317L
Grade stainless steel 317L pipes are basically low carbon content pipes compared to grade 317 pipes. The grade has corrosion resistance and high strength and it can even produce strong welding because of low carbon content.
It has chemical composition in definite proportion with elements like silicon, sulfur, manganese, chromium, iron, molybdenum, carbon, and phosphorous.
Mechanical properties that contribute immensely to pipes and are poisson” ratio, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation at break and hardness.
Manufacturing process
317L manufacturing process require constant feeds and low speeds so as to reduce work harden tendency. The steel is generally tougher compared to grade 304. It is available with long stringy chip. It makes use of chip breaker. Welding is recommended through resistance and conventional fusion. Oxyacetylene welding must be avoided.
Another thing that could be performed is conventional hot working. The product is heat at temperature range of 1149-1260 degree C or 2100-2300 degree F. It is recommended not to heat it below 927 degree C or 1700 degree.
With grade 317L drawing, heading, stamping, and shearing is possible and elimination of internal stresses is done through post work annealing. At 1010-1121 degree C or 1850-2050 degree F, annealing is performed which is carried out then through rapid cooling.
However, the grade 317L shows no response toward heat treatment.
Some of the applications of grade 317 SS are nuclear fueled power stations, petrochemical process equipment, and condensers in fossil.
The elements in the grade 317/317L are Fe, Cr, Mo, P, S, C and Ni. The grade 317L has mechanical properties, which displays detail regarding tensile strength posson’ ratio; hardness, modulus of elasticity, yield strength and elongation at break.
The 317L exhibit excellent corrosion resistance for a comprehensive range of chemicals, such as acidic chloride environments. It also shows resistant to sulfuric concentration at 120 degree f. This grade is readily used for welding, due to low carbon metal and higher molybdenum content. It has properties as good weldability and good formability.
Stainless Steel 321/321H Pipes
Grade 321
The grade 321 is basically an austenitic stabilized 18/8 steel by titanium or niobium addition. They are not at sensitive toward intergranular corrosion upon heating that’s why they got used within range of 425-850 degree C. Grade 321 is the foremost choice of applications that require temperature range near to 900 degree C, with combined resistant to scaling, high strength, as well as phase stability to aqueous corrosion.
One of the modified versions of 321 is termed as 321H that has higher carbon content so as to offer improved and enhanced temperature strength. The limitation that 321 hold is that the titanium content can’t transport higher temperature arc. This is what makes it not recommended for welding.
Like other grades, 321 also offer welding and excellent forming characteristics that are readily roll or brake formed. It also exhibit excellent welding characteristics. For this grade type, post weld annealing procedure is not required. They show excellent toughness at cryogenic temperature.
For decorative applications, grade 321 steel pipes is not at all recommended because it is not polished well.
Key properties
The typical composition of grade 321 is S, Cr, Si, Mn, C, N and Ni. The mechanical properties of grade 321 contain appropriate amount of tensile strength, hardness, elongation, and yield strength. The physical properties may contain specified specific heat, electrical resistivity, mean coefficient of expansion, and density.
Corrosion resistance – This grade is superior if welded in annealed condition, but is not recommended for post weld annealed process. At 425-900 degree C, industrial application can be performed. At 60 degree C, the grade can be subjected to crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion as well as stress corrosion cracking in chloride environment.
Heat resistance- In intermittent service, it offers good oxidation resistance at 900 degree C whereas in continuous service the temperature is 925 degree C. it can even perform well at 425-900 degree C in aqueous corrosive conditions. Higher hot strength can be achieved through 321H which is particularly utilized for higher temperature in structural applications.
Grade 321H
The grade 321H stainless steel is purposeful austenitic steel it is stabilized toward carbide precipitation. It is especially designed so as to work in temperature range of 427-816 degree C or 800-1500 degree F. this grade is purely non magnetic and it can easily be hardened through cold working. In the alloy composition titanium is added so as to suppress boundary chromium precipitation as well as to reduce suspectibility toward intergranular corrosion.
The steel grade 321h pipe is well used in various applications such as jet engine parts, chemical processing equipment, and aircraft exhaust manifolds and stacks.
Both 321/321H is advantageous for extreme temperature services due to good mechanical properties. The grades also offers stress rupture and higher creep properties. It can be considered for intergranular corrosion and sensitization exposures.
Cold forming, hot forming as well as machining is possible for both grade types. Operations such as turning at high speed, cutting at high speed, and drilling at high speed are possible. Various tests get conducted on the pipes so that high quality product is offered to esteemed clients.
Stainless Steel 347/347H pipes
Grade 347
The SS 347 pipes are dimensionally accurate, durable, and sturdy and are available in impressively corrosion resistant feature. With international as well as national standards, these stainless steel 347 pipes got produced. The grade 347 also offers reliable sensitization resistance toward higher temperature.
The 347 stainless steel pipes are in general austenitic stainless steel grades with columbium and tantalum addition that contribute in giving outstanding intergranular resistance toward corrosion. The maximum percentage of chemical composition in grade 347 are – phosphorous (0.045), molybdenum (0.50), carbon (0.08), manganese (2), chromium (19), sulphur (0.03), and copper (0.50).
The 347 stainless steel pipes have forming capability and superior welding. The grade 347 gets utilized frequently in petroleum refineries, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, welded fabrications, and power generation. Typically 347 stainless pipes are utilized in development joints, head gaskets, rocket machine parts. The addition of columbium offers the grade 347 pipes good power so that it can combat weathering.
The grade pipes are offered in square, round, rectangular, and oval shapes. It is also offered in customized option to esteemed or global customers. The schedule of it may be SCH20,SCH60, SCH80, SCH160, SCH40, SCH30. The form may be fabricated, welded, LSAW or seamless pipes. The length may be double random, single random and cut length. The end of pipes may be treaded, beveled, or plain end.
Grade 347H
The grade 347H ss pipes is basically common stainless steel type that resembles properties with 321,304, 316, and it can be used well at elevated temperatures. Just like the stainless steel 347H also exhibit welding qualities, and excellent forming due to addition of tantalum and columbium for exceptional intergranular corrosion.
The alloy 347H also exhibit higher carbon variants that enable it to offer creep resistance at temperature range of 537 degree C for higher strength. The stainless steel grade 347H has improved corrosion resistance for strong oxidizing environments. The grade is basically non magnetic typically in annealed conditions and it can be hardened through cold working.
The stainless steel 347/347h is basically popular because they are utilized in aircraft engine components, petroleum refineries, heat exchangers, and high heat applications.
The stainless steel 347 and 347H pipes are available in both welded and seamless forms both in NB and OD sizes.
The outside diameter could be 6.00 mm OD – 250 mm OD, it can be customized upto 12’ NB. It has thickness ranging from 0.3 mm to 50 mm. Or else, it can be SCH XXS, SCH 160, SCH 80, SCH 10, SCH XS. The grade may have types as welded, CDW, fabricated, and seamless. The forms may be rectangular, square, round, “U” shape, or coiled pipes.
The length could be required length, double random and single random. It has end as beveled, treaded, and plain end. The end protection could be done into plastic caps. It has outside finish as No.8, and no. 1. The delivery condition could be cold drawn, annealed as well pickled or polished.
The inspection test report of grade 347/347H includes visual inspection reports, chemical reports, mill test certification, third party inspection and destructive test reports.
The full identification of pipes can be summarized as per the nominal pipe size, grade, schedule, specification, grade, heat number, method of manufacturer, and manufacturer’s name.
Stainless Steel 904L pipes
The stainless steel pipes grade 904L is in general non-stabilized austenitic steel that contain low carbon content. The high alloy steel when added to copper helps in enhancing strong acids resistance like sulphuric acids. The stainless steel of grade 904L possess crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. It is generally non-magnetic that offers toughness, excellent formability, and weldability.
The grade 904L generally posses, incredible amount of expensive ingredients like nickel and molybdenum. Presently, most of the applications employ grade 904L ss pipes that replace duplex stainless steel.
Corrosion resistance
The grade 904L SS exhibit excellent resistance toward chloride attack and warm seawater. Stress corrosion cracking is offered because of presence of higher composition of nickel. Moreover, copper addition to grades helps in developing resistance toward reducing agents and sulphuric acid in both mild and aggressive conditions.
The grade 904L has intermediate corrosion resistance between standard austenitic grades and super austenitic grades along with 6% content of moly. This particular grade is less resistant toward acids such as nitric acids. Followed by cold working, this steel grades have to be solution treated so as to achieve maximum stress corrosion under critical environment.
Heat resistance
The grade 904L offers high oxidation resistance. However, the stability of structure gets collapsed at temperature above 400 degree C.
Heat treatment
The grade is heat treated at temperature of 1090-1175 degree C which is then followed by rapid cooling. For hardening of grades, the grade is thermally treated.
Welding
The grade 904L is welded using conventional or traditional methods. This grade type not at all requires post weld as well as pre weld heat treatments. It can be presented toward hot cracking under constrained weldments. The grade can be used according to AS 1554.6.
Fabricated
The stainless steel 904L grade has higher purity of steel with sulphur in low content. Using standard methods, the grade can be machined. It can be bends under cold condition although, subsequent annealing, can’t be demanded in most of the cases. Fabrication is performed or carried out in severe stress corrosion.
Features of 904L pipes – the 904L steel pipes exhibit crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion resistance. The 904L steel pipes also have stress corrosion cracking. It has maximum service temperature at 450 degree C. Toward intergranular corrosion, good resistance can be offered as well. The type 904L pipe has weldability and formability. This grade type exhibit good oxidation resistance and the structure provide stability at high temperature above 400 degree C.
Its applications – the grade 904L has various application usages such as in house processing capabilities as well as industrial application. It is very well utilized in gas scrubbing plants, oil refinery components, paper and pulp processing industries.
It is offered in various specifications, dimension, standards, pipe sizes, types, form, and end. Like other pipes, the types are LSAW pipes, Welded, fabricated, and EFW pipes. The end is treaded plain or beveled end. Form are coiled pipes, rectangular pipes, round pipes, square pipes, and hydraulic pipes. It is tested and then packed with utmost care.
Stainless Steel Pipe Prices
Top manufacturer and supplier offer variety of stainless steel pipes both in welded and seamless pipe that includes cold drawn seamless and hot finished seamless pipe. The most offered stainless steel pipes are 304, 316, 309, 321, 317, 304L, 321H, and 347. These pipes are delivered worldwide with price quotation.
The pipes price is decided on basis of length, standard, specifications, type, form, and finish. The price can be in rupee, or in any other currency such as dollar. Global or international clients can cross check the price through helpline or contact number. Contact reliable and trustworthy manufacturer for further detailing.
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FAQ’s
What makes stainless steel real stainless?
Stainless steel contains around 10.5% chromium. This chromium then reacts with oxygen present in the air or surrounding to form a layer known as chrome-oxide layer which is invisible however strong so as to protect further oxygen. Higher chromium levels as well as alloy element addition like molybdenum and nickel improves surface layer. This is what improves corrosion resistance.
What causes difference between 18/10 and 18/8 stainless steel?
The very first element present in stainless steel is chromium i.e. 18 percentage chromium. The second element present in stainless steel in abundance is nickel i.e. around 8% nickels So, as the name given to 18/8 stainless steel. When the composition is higher the material possesses higher corrosion resistance. Both 18/10 and 18/8 contain nickel and belongs to “300 series”. The series 400 doesn’t exhibit corrosion resistance properties and is magnetic however 300 series is non magnetic.
Is it possible that stainless steel will get rust?
Stainless steel never rust, the regular steel gets red oxide over the surface of the pipe. The red rust is due to iron particle which gets contaminated over the stainless steel surface. The instructor can try solution of 2% hydrofluoric acid and 10% nitric acid at room temperature. Now the area must be washed.
Is there any difference between 316 and 304 stainless steel?
The 304 stainless steel has 18% chromium as well as 8% nickel. The 316 stainless steel contains 10% nickel, 16% chromium, and 2% molybdenum. In order to assist with corrosion molybdenum is added to it.
How magnetic stainless steel is?
Several or various stainless steel types are offered. The series belonging to 300 that contain nickel is purely non magnetic. Whereas the 400 series are magnetic as it contain no nickel but chromium.
What is “passivation”?
When chromium content exceeds around 10 ½% a layer of chrome oxide gets formed that protects oxygen diffusion on surface and a “passive” result can be obtained. It shows oxidation to resistance or corrosion. When 10% nitric acid and 2% hydrofluoric acid is dipped the passive oxide layer is developed.
Is it possible to weld stainless steel?
Yes. Various stainless steel available from us can be welded. The welding procedure may be different compared to other carbon metal. The stainless could be welded using electrode or filler rod.
Is it possible to “hardened” stainless steel?
Yes. Stainless steel with series 300 is easily “hardened” however it can’t be ‘work hardening”. That is why the material gets cold worked trough lighter gauges, and cold rolling down or “drawing” via die or altering operations Annealing of stainless steel help sin removing effect of work hardening. The 400 series contain two major stainless steel types. One is acknowledged as “Ferritic that has 430, 409, and 439 that can be hardened by conduct of heat. The other series is known as “martensitic” that has 403, 420, and 410 as basic grades.
What “L” designation implies in a grade?
The letter L after a particular grade such as 904L implies that that carbon content in the material is restricted to a max of 0.03%. The normal level has 0.08% max whereas it is 0.15% max. When welding is performed lower carbon level is used this assist in protecting chromium from getting depleted.
What is meant by stainless steel recycle content?
Yes it is 100% possible recycling of stainless steel. The stainless steel can be easily re-melted so as to form new stainless steel. The recycled stainless steel can be used to form new stainless steel between 65-80%.
What is meant by “annealed conditions”?
Usually, in conditions such as “annealed” conditions the stainless steel is sold. The 300 stainless steel series is not at all hardened through heat treatment however is can only be hardened via cold working. Heat treatment eliminates cold work that will automatically restore soft conditions.
What is meant by “CRES” term?
The CRES stands for Corrosion resistant steel and is designate to stainless steel.
Is it possible to utilize stainless steel at very high and low temperature?
Yes it is possible to utilize stainless steel at low as well as high temperature. It can also be used at temperature 1800 degree F to liquid nitrogen temperature.
What is meant by AISI specification for SS?
AISI stands for American iron and steel institute which is originated for 300 and 400 number system series. It is published with chemical analysis, physical properties, and mechanical property listing for individual grade. The most specifications are in ASTM or American society for testing material.
